A Step-by-Step Guide to Applying for Social Security Disability Benefits

Applying for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) can be frustrating, slow, and confusing, but knowing the process can improve your odds. 

Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started.

Step 1: Understand the Program 

• SSDI is for individuals who have worked and paid Social Security taxes 

• SSI is for people with limited income and resources, regardless of work history 

Step 2: Prepare Your Materials 

Before applying, gather the following: 

• A list of medical conditions and current medications 

• Names and contact information for your doctors 

• A 5-year work history 

Step 3: Apply 

• Start your application at the SSA Disability Portal. 

You’ll also be asked to complete: 

• A Work History Report 

• A Function Report, explaining how your condition affects daily activities 

Step 4: If You’re Denied (Most People Are) 

Don’t panic, most applicants are denied at first. What matters is that you appeal within 60 days: 

• Submit Form SSA-561: Request for Reconsideration 

• Include an updated Form SSA-3441: Disability Report – Appeal 

If denied again, request a hearing by filing Form SSA-501. 

Step 5: Stay the Course 

Applying for disability can take months, or even years. Here’s what you should do in the meantime: 

• Keep attending medical appointments 

• Submit updated records regularly 

• Get representation. A qualified disability representative can greatly increase your chances. They usually work on contingency, meaning you don’t pay unless you win. 

  
  

Persistence matters. Don’t give up, especially if your condition truly prevents you from working. These benefits exist to support you when you need them most.